Electronic Expansion Valve Refrigerant Flow Coefficient Study Shan-wei Zhang Chuan Jiang-Ping Wang Zhi-Jiu Wang Wen-Yong Chen Abstract: In the Tour de France since the structures of the liquid flow characteristics of throttle body test stand, using refrigerant R22, experimental research, the throttle opening degree (flow area), throttle pressure before and after, the entrance density, the entrance undercooling, export specific volume, dryness, as well as semi-cone angle and the valve head radial clearance of the electronic expansion valve refrigerant flow rate coefficient was obtained to quantify the relationship between flow coefficient and were tested. The results showed that error within ?10.5%. Keywords: Thermal Engineering Experimental study of flow coefficient of electronic expansion valve liquid Tour de France 1 Introduction Throttle bodies are cooling system, one of the most important components, throttle bodies and other major components of the system a good match is to improve the system operation and adapt to system load changes are [1].
电子膨胀阀制冷剂流量系数研究 山伟 张川 江平 王志九 王温勇 摘要： 在环法自行车赛以来节气门体结构的液体流动特性试验台上，使用制冷剂R22，实验研究，节气门开度（流量面积），节流前后压力，入口密度，入口过冷， 导出比容、干燥度以及半锥角和阀头径向间隙的电子膨胀阀制冷剂流量系数，以量化流量系数之间的关系并进行测试。结果显示，误差在 ？10.5% 以内。关键词： 热工 电子膨胀阀液体流量系数的实验研究 Tour de France 1 引言 节气门体是冷却系统最重要的部件之一，节气门体与系统的其他主要部件的较好匹配是改进系统运行和适应系统负载变化的 [1]。

However, the electronic expansion valve flow characteristics of very little throttle bodies flow coefficient of factors: the physical properties of working fluid, the flow of working fluid£¬geometric parameters, the masses at home different opinions.
然而，电子膨胀阀的流量特性对节流阀体的流量系数影响很小：工作流体的物理性质、工作流体的流动几何参数、质量等众说纷纭。

So far, on the electronic expansion valve flow characteristic of the study also rarely been reported and can only learn from thermal expansion valve of the study, using hydraulic formulas to describe the electronic expansion valve flow characteristics [2].
到目前为止，关于电子膨胀阀流量特性的研究也很少报道，只能借鉴热力膨胀阀的研究，用水力公式来描述电子膨胀阀的流量特性[2]。

Where: m-the flow of refrigerant, kg / s; CD-flow coefficient; A-Valve Flow basal area, m2; ¦Ñ-imported refrigerant liquid density, kg/m3; ¦¤p-valve port pressure, pa Li Jing-hao [3] a systematic study, derived cone valve flow coefficient is not only with the Re number, but also to half-cone angle ¦È, where L, Er-line width are related to the flow direction. Abu and the Akiyama that the slide valve flow coefficient and Re number, valve port opening, the radial clearance and others have relationships. U.S. Detriot?s D. D.
式中：m——制冷剂的流量，kg/s;CD-流量系数;A-阀流量基底面积，m2;●进口制冷剂液体密度，kg/m3;P-阀口压力，帕李景浩[3]进行了系统研究，推导出锥阀的流量系数不仅与Re数有关，而且与半锥角有关，其中L、Er-线宽与流向有关。Abu 和 Akiyama 认为滑阀流量系数和 Re 数、阀口开度、径向间隙等都有关系。美国 Detriot 的 D. D.

Wile [4] studied the thermal expansion valve after the flow characteristics of refrigerant that the discharge coefficient and specific volume of import intensity and export the following relationship: Where: ¦Ñ-density, imports of liquid refrigerant, kg/m3; ¦Í-specific volume of refrigerant exit, m3/kg.
Wile [4] 研究了热力膨胀阀制冷剂后流量特性，即制冷剂的排放系数与进口强度和出口强度的关系如下：式中：密度，进口液态制冷剂，kg/m3;◆制冷剂出口比容，m3/kg。

And A. Davies and T. C. Daniels [5] is that the discharge coefficient only with the export of working fluid dryness, and have pointed saturated liquid refrigerant R12 Boren piercing through the throttle, the actual flow and expenditure is reduced in a linear inverse relationship between dryness.
而 A. Davies 和 T. C. Daniels [5] 则认为，排放系数仅与工作流体的出口干燥度有关，并且有尖饱和液态制冷剂 R12 Boren 穿过节流阀，实际流量和消耗量在干燥度之间呈线性反比关系减少。

Experimental studies are throttle bodies flow characteristics of the most common and most effective means, at present mainly of nitrogen gas France Tour de France. Because nitrogen and refrigerant through the throttle body when the existence of differences in the nature of phase transition or not£¬this method there is large deviation (about 20%), gas ring£¬when laws exist to replace refrigerant oil cleaning inconvenience and so on, in view of this Tour de France has set up a special throttle body fluid flow characteristics of test-bed to carry out the throttle body under the conditions of different flow characteristics of refrigerants research.
实验研究是节流阀体流动特性最常见和最有效的手段，目前主要是法法环法氮气。由于氮气和制冷剂通过节气门体时存在差异，相变的性质与否（这种方法存在较大的偏差（约20%），气环法自行车赛存在时更换制冷剂油清洗不便等问题，针对本次环法自行车赛设立了专门的节气门体流体流动特性试验台，对节气门体在不同流动特性条件下进行试验的制冷剂研究。

2 Test-bed Description 2.1 Principles of Test-bed Experiment with refrigerant R22, the Tour de France testing system is based on liquid structures, magnetic pump replaces the refrigeration system compressor, Figure 1,2 self-built test-bed liquid-Tour de France The principle and setup.
2 试验台说明 2.1 试验台原理 用制冷剂 R22 进行实验，环法自行车赛测试系统基于液体结构，磁力泵取代制冷系统压缩机，图 1,2 自建试验台液体-Tour de France 原理和设置。

Test-bed control parameters for the throttle before the temperature, pressure and throttle after the temperature and pressure. Test results for the refrigerant flow rate. Electronic expansion valve from fully closed to fully open the pulse number of 500, opening controlled by the PLC. Valve before the temperature by regulating the heat pump inverter?s frequency to change the hot water circulating flow can be achieved by regulating the valve before the pressure can be magnetic pump operating frequency, while the valve after the temperature and pressure can speed by changing the glycol pump inverter to achieve. Tank temperature Glycol chillers and heating wire can be guaranteed, while the hot water temperature can be heated filament heat to achieve, all the control parameters are controlled through the PLC.
试验台控制参数为节气门前温度、节气门后温度和压力。制冷剂流速的测试结果。电子膨胀阀从全关到全开，脉冲数为500，开度由PLC控制。阀门前温度通过调节热泵变频器的频率来改变热水循环流量，可以通过调节阀门前的压力来实现磁力泵的运行频率，同时阀门在温度和压力之后可以通过改变乙二醇泵变频器来实现减速。水箱温度乙二醇冷水机和加热丝可以保证，同时热水温度可以通过加热丝加热来实现，所有控制参数均通过 PLC 控制。

2.2 bench Preferences Experiments found that the temperature before the valve£¬valve pre-pressure and back pressure valve easily controlled than that, while the valve after the relatively large fluctuations in temperature, it is because the valve after the temperature corresponding to the actual cooling system evaporation temperature, the lower the pressure under a larger range of temperature fluctuations should be based on physical properties to determine the parameters of control precision.
2.2 工作台偏好实验发现，阀门前的温度、阀门的预压和背压比这更容易控制，而阀门后的温度波动相对较大，这是因为阀门后的温度对应着实际冷却系统的蒸发温度，在较低的压力下，温度波动范围较大，应根据物理性质来确定控制精度的参数。

Taking all factors, taking into account the national standard requirements, test conditions point before the pressure valve 16.487Bar and 15.712Bar, the corresponding temperatures were 38 ¡æ, 33 ¡æ; 36 ¡æ, 31 ¡æ. Valve before the superheat to maintain 5 ¡æ and 10 ¡æ, valves after the pressure of 6.807Bar and 5.838Bar, the corresponding valve after the temperature is 10 ¡æ and 5 ¡æ, while the valve before the temperature and bias control -0.2 ¡æ ~ 0.2 ¡æ between valve before the pressure valve after the pressure deviation and deviation control-0.2Bar ~ 0.2Bar between the valve after the temperature bias control -1.0 ¡æ ~ 1.0 ¡æ in between.
综合考虑所有因素，考虑到国家标准要求，测试条件点前压力阀分别为16.487Bar和15.712Bar，相应的温度分别为38°C、33°C;36 ¡æ， 31 ¡æ.阀门前过热度保持 5°C 和 10°C，阀门后压力为 6.807 °C 和 5.838 Bar，相应的后阀温度为 10°C 和 5°C，而阀门前温度与偏置控制 -0.2°C ~ 0.2°C 之间 前压阀 阀后压力偏差控制 -0.2Bar ~ 0.2Bar 阀间 后温度偏置控制 -1.0 °C ~ 1.0 °C 之间。

3 Experimental results and analysis Will test the valve opening adjustment to 100,150,200,250,300,350,400,450,500 pulse will be operating conditions stabilize at set point 180 seconds, record the measured flow. In accordance with formula (1) to calculate the flow coefficient.
3 实验结果及分析 将测试阀门开度调整至100,150,200,250,300,350,400,450,500脉冲，将运行条件稳定在设定点180秒，记录被测流量。按照公式 （1） 计算流量系数。

3.1 The electronic expansion valve flow coefficient and flow area and valve after the parameters of the relationship between the Will be different from the electronic expansion valve opening, different direction (switch valve) and flow coefficient data, in accordance with the area and differences in temperature after the valve plotted curve shown in Figure 3£¬we can see an area of approximate flow coefficient and flow into a line of sexual relations, and other parameters unchanged, with the valve flow coefficient of temperature increase after, check the physical properties of R22 tables can be found after valve temperature, specific volume of refrigerant and dry-degree are reduced, indicating that discharge coefficient with the dry and hematocrit approximately inversely proportional relationship.
3.1 电子膨胀阀的流量系数与流量面积和阀门后参数的关系会与电子膨胀阀的开度不同，方向（切换阀）和流量系数数据不同，根据面积和温度的差异，将阀门后的曲线绘制如图3所示，我们可以看到一个面积的近似流量系数和成线的性关系， 等参数不变，随阀门流量系数升高后，检查R22表后可发现阀门温度、制冷剂比容和干度均降低，表明排放系数与干流量和血细胞比容近似成反比关系。

3.2 flow coefficient and the relationship between Body Structure Research on body structure and the relationship between the flow coefficient of an electronic expansion valve, the path£¬once established, the valve needle cone angle of the radial valve clearance will become the description of structural characteristics of the two most important parameters£¬including valve needle cone angle and semi-cone angle of the meaning of relatively clear, while there are a variety of radial clearance Understood in this way, for convenience, the definition of the radial clearance (¡÷ D) for the valve seat diameter and the cone diameter and the difference, that is£¬Figure 4 as shown: D-d.
3.2 流量系数与阀体结构的关系研究本体结构与电子膨胀阀的流量系数的关系，其路径一旦确定，阀针锥角的径向阀间隙就成为描述结构特性的两个最重要的参数，包括阀针锥角和半锥角的含义比较明确， 而径向游隙则有多种方式理解，为方便起见，定义径向游隙（¡÷ D）为阀座直径与锥体直径的区别，即图4所示：D-d。

3.2.1 flow coefficient and the relationship between the half-cone angle To study the flow coefficient and the cone angle and the relationship between the radial clearance must be an area of influence and other factors as far as possible, for the different electronic expansion valve in the data is very close to selecting an area of the valve before the valve after the condition of the same However, several groups of the same radial clearance typical data analysis to determine the flow coefficient and the valve needle cone angle, which may exist between the quantitative relationships.
3.2.1 流量系数与半锥角的关系 要研究流量系数与锥角及径向间隙之间的关系，必须尽可能地影响区域和其他因素，对于电子膨胀阀在数据中的不同，选择阀门前的区域非常接近，条件相同 但是， 对几组相同的径向游隙进行典型数据分析，以确定流量系数和阀针锥角，这两者之间可能存在定量关系。

Figure 5 is the actual testing of the four cone angle and diameter, but the circulation of different surfaces and conditions are the same before and after valve when the flow coefficient of correlation can be seen, flow coefficient and the taper and the diameter there is no obvious relationship between the law can be follow.
图5是实际测试的四个锥角和直径，但不同表面的循环和条件是相同的，当阀门前后的流量系数相关性可以看出，流量系数与锥度和直径之间没有明显的关系，规律可以遵循。

3.2.2 Flow coefficient and the relationship between the radial clearance Figure 6 in the 1-6 point gap to 0.02mm radial flow coefficient data, and 7-8 points for the 0.22mm radial clearance of the flow coefficient data, we can see that flow coefficient increases with the radial clearance to cut a small trend. Reposted elsewhere in the paper for free download 3.3 discharge coefficient with the valve before the refrigerant cooling the relationship between the degree of Figure 7 shows an electronic expansion valve before the pressure valve 16.487bar, valve pre-undercooling of 5 degrees and 10 degrees, the valve after the temperature is 10 degrees the flow coefficient of contrast curves, we can see that with the valve before the flow coefficient refrigerant increases with increasing undercooling. This is a universal law, only a representative curve plotted in the other conditions remain unchanged, the discharge coefficient with subcooling linear relationship between direct proportion.
3.2.2 流量系数与径向游隙的关系 图6中1-6点间隙为0.02mm的径向流动系数数据，而7-8点为0.22mm径向间隙的流量系数数据，我们可以看到流动系数随径向间隙的增加而减小，呈小趋势。转贴于本文其他处免费下载 3.3 制冷剂冷却前与阀门的排放系数关系 图 7 显示电子膨胀阀前压力为 16.487bar，阀门预过冷度为 5 度和 10 度，阀门温度为 10 度后流量系数的对比曲线， 我们可以看到，在阀门之前，流量系数制冷剂随着过冷度的增加而增加。这是一个普遍规律，只有在其他条件下绘制的代表性曲线保持不变，放电系数与过冷度成正比线性关系。

3.4 discharge coefficient with the valve before the relationship between the density of refrigerant Figure 8 shows the flow coefficient and the valve before the refrigerant density curve (subcooling are 5 degrees), which corresponds to valve before the pressure of 1,2, respectively 16.487bar, 15.712bar, valves after the temperature is 10 degrees; 3 4 corresponding to the pressure before the valve£¬respectively 16.487bar, 15.712bar, valves after the temperature of 5 degrees. As can be seen, curves 1,3 correspond to the density of 1/0.8946 103kg/m3, while the corresponding 2,4-density 1/0.8874 103kg/m3, flow coefficient increases as the density increases, both linearly direct proportion relationship.
3.4 流量系数与阀门前制冷剂密度的关系图 8 显示了流量系数与阀门前制冷剂密度曲线（过冷度均为 5 度），其中对应阀门前的压力为 1,2，分别为 16.487bar、15.712bar，阀门后温度为 10 度;3 4 对应前阀压力分别为 16.487bar、15.712bar，后阀温度为 5 度。可以看出，曲线 1,3 对应的密度为 1/0.8946 103kg/m3，而对应的 2,4 密度为 1/0.8874 103kg/m3，流量系数随密度的增加而增大，两者呈线性成正比关系。

3.5 Relational fitting and verification 3.1,3.2,3.3 and 3.4 according to results of the analysis, the authors use the electronic expansion valve flow area of the valve before the refrigerant density, too cold, the specific volume of refrigerant after the valve and radial clearance as a fitting parameter, the use of DPF1 .8, DPF2.0, and DPF2.2 data as raw data, which DPF2.2 electronic expansion valve, there are two, their differences are mainly in the radial clearance is different, using least square method to obtain the flow coefficient of correlation, and using DPF1.6 electronic expansion valve has been verified. Figure 9 The data will be DPF1.8, DPF2.0, and DPF2.2 data drawn on together, not separately. While Figure 10 and Figure 11, the data was DPF1.6 data. The correlation and validation results are as follows: Relational: CD = 0.0281A 0.0004238¦Ñ 0.00123 / ¦Ô 0.0046 ¡÷ T-0.272 ¡÷ D (1) Type in: CD-electronic expansion valve flow coefficient; A-flow area, flat mm2; ¦Ñ-valve before the refrigerant density; ¦Ô-valve after the refrigerant specific volume; ¡÷ D-radial clearance, unit mm.
3.5 关系拟合和验证 3.1、3.2、3.3 和 3.4 根据分析结果，作者使用电子膨胀阀前阀门的流量面积制冷剂密度、过冷、制冷剂后比容和径向间隙作为拟合参数，使用 DPF1 .8、DPF2.0 和 DPF2.2 数据作为原始数据， 而DPF2.2电子膨胀阀，则有两种，它们的区别主要在于径向游隙不同，采用最小二乘法得到流量系数的相关性，与使用DPF1.6电子膨胀阀的用量已经得到验证。图 9 数据将是 DPF1.8、DPF2.0 和 DPF2.2 数据一起绘制，而不是单独绘制。而图 10 和图 11 的数据是 DPF1.6 数据。相关性和验证结果如下： 关系式： CD = 0.0281A 0.0004238 ± 0.00123 / ± 0.0046 ±÷ T-0.272 ÷± D （1） 输入： CD-电子膨胀阀流量系数;A 流面积，平坦 mm2;●阀门前制冷剂密度;◆制冷剂比容后阀门;◆÷ D-径向游隙，单位mm。

Reposted elsewhere in the paper for free download http://eng..com
在论文的其他地方转载以免费下载 http://eng..com